ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of breast cancer with parity and breastfeeding in local settings since no such studies have been carried out previously. The results of such study can provide data for comparison from other parts of country and international research
Study Design: Observational study
Place and Duration: Department of Surgery Allied Hospital Faisalabad between October 2013 and October 2014
Methods: A sample of 500 breast cancer patients diagnosed clinically and histopathologically was included in the study after informed consent. Patients were interviewed using a questionnaire. We observed the variables of age, parity, menstrual history and months of breastfeeding for each child. Analysis was done using SPSS version 12. 0
Results: In present study, 500 patients of breast cancer were included with age ranging from 28 years to 80 years. Most common age group was 40 to 50 years. 91.8% females with breast cancer were multiparous and all 91.8% females gave history of breastfeeding their children. 48% of the females breastfed for more than 5 years, 40% of them for 1to5 years and 3.8% of them for less than 1 year. Only 8.2% females who were either unmarried or had no issues did not breastfeed at all
Conclusion: In our local settings, multiparity and breastfeeding do not alter the risk of breast cancer and thus other risk factors must be studied
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pancreatic injuries remain a clinicalenigma. Minor injuries are easy to treat but ifmissed are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Blunt trauma to upper abdomen is oftenassociated with pancreatic injury. Isolated injury topancreas is rare. There are different protocols ofmanaging the pancreatic trauma. In this article weare presenting different cases of pancreatic traumamanaged by us according to severity of injury
Objectives: 1.To define comonest mode ofpresentation of patients with pancreatic trauma. 2.To suggest appropriate investigations in suspectedpancreatic injuries. 3. To suggest the treatmentstrategy in different types of pancreatic injuries
Study Design: Descriptive prospective studyconducted in Surgical Unit III, Allied HospitalFaisalabad from Feb 2008 to Dec 2011
Results:Forty eight [48] patients [10 children, 38 adults]included with median age 11 and 35 respectively.Male to female ratio 5:1. Blunt trauma wasmechanism of injury in 62.5% of cases mainly dueto road traffic accident. Serum amylase was raisedin 59% of cases. CT scan was diagnostic in most ofthe hemodynamically stable patients. Roux-en-YPancreatojejunostmy, distal pancreatectomy andWhipple's procedure were performed dependingupon the grade of injury. Postoperative pancreaticfistula formed in 26% of cases, which was managedconservatively. Overall mortality was 37.5%
Conclusion: Pancreatic injuries commonly occurdue to blunt abdominal trauma. High index ofclinical suspicion is required for timely decionmaking. CT Scan is useful in hemodynamicallystable patients. Early diagnosis and timelymanagement according to the severity of injuryimproves morbidity and mortality
ABSTRACT
It is a case series of 100 [100%] cases of acute appendicitis comprising 52 [52%] males and 48 [48%] females without any antibiotics administration. Median age was noted as 29.5 [std +/- 13.5]. 83% patients belonged to urban and remaining rural areas. 81% were discharged within 72 hours. 93% of the patients recovered uneventfully. In 2 [2%] patients wound infection were seen and in 5 [5%] stitch abscesses were noticed. We observed no significant difference in terms of postoperative wound infection rate when the results were compared with the results of the studies in which routine prophylactic antibiotics were administered